Why do some people enjoy parties, speaking in public and meeting people while others abhor these social situations?
From According to the Model of the 5 Factors of Personality, there are Fundamental differences Among people whose most predominant feature is introversion and those who are more extroverted.
Probably was Carl Jung in 1923 , who First wrote about introversion and extroversion . He suggested that everyone Has an extrovert and an introverted dimension, although one is more predominant than the other. This theory is based on the fact that behavior Of people varies depending on the different situations.
In the model of the 5 Personality Factors , The feature of extraversion influences in large part the behavior of the Individuals. Why do people differ in this dimension? There is a very interesting theory proposed by the psychologist Gray in 1970 that deals with the factors Neurological disorders that seem to contribute to this dimension of personality.
Gray found a relationship between neorological factors and extraversion. The main Difference between extroverts and introverts is that The former are less susceptible to"fear"in social situations; Do not anticipate as many negative events as frustration, pain or failures.
Because they perceive no danger in social situations, Extraverts tend to be, in general, more impulsive . They are not sensitive to Potential situations of humiliation.
Neurological differences between introverts and extroverts
Gray suggests that brain structures that mediate the ability to anticipate negative events are The mid septal nucleus, the hippocampus, and the orbitofrontal cortex . The hypothesis is that this area is different in extraverted people.
In one experiment, rats were given a drug that decreased the activation of these areas. After the injection, the emotional responses to the Frustration and avoidance decreased considerably.
Other studies have shown that people who have Front parts of the brain , They obtain worse results in tasks of Passive avoidance; It appears that the frontal regions of the brain play an important role in inhibitory processes such as Reduce impulsivity .
In addition, lesions in Septal area Produce extraverted behaviors. So there seems to be Three brain regions Related to the extraverted behavior: mid-septal nucleus, hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex.
Another important discovery is the scientific Funder in 2010; That the introverts respond in greater degree to the stimuli that The introverts. This makes sense given the avoidant behavior of introverts, due to a Over stimulation of the nervous system.