The Branches of medicine Are the angiology, cardiology, intensive care medicine, endocrinology, gastroenterology, geriatrics, hematology, hepatology, infectious medicine, nephrology, neurology, oncology, pediatrics, pulmonology, rheumatology and sports medicine.
Medicine is the science and practice of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease. This science covers a variety of health care practices developed to maintain and restore health through the prevention and treatment of disease.
Contemporary medicine encompasses biomedical sciences, biomedical research, genetics and medical technology to diagnose, treat and prevent injuries and illnesses, usually through drugs or surgery, but also through therapies as diverse as psychotherapy, splints and traction External, medical devices, and ionizing radiation, among others.
Medicine has existed for thousands of years, during most of which was an art (an area of skill and knowledge) often having connections with the religious and philosophical beliefs of the local culture.
For example, a healer applied herbs and prayed for healing, or an ancient philosopher and physician would apply bleeding according to the theories of humor.
In recent centuries, since the advent of modern science, most medicine has become a combination of art and science (both basic and applied, under the umbrella of medical science).
While the sewing technique for sutures is an art learned through practice, knowledge of what happens at the cellular and molecular level in the tissues that are sewn arises through science.
Because of appreciation for life, medicine is one of the most important sciences because it allows to prevent and cure diseases that could lead an individual to death.
In addition, its importance also lies in the use that is given to maintain health in optimum condition.
Main branches of medicine
Medicine covers a wide range of human needs with regard to health, so it has branched out to give a precise approach and solutions to each particular case depending on the diseases or conditions that an individual presents.
Angiology
Angiology is the medical specialty that studies diseases of the circulatory system and the lymphatic system, ie, lymphatic arteries, veins and vases, and their diseases.
In the United Kingdom this field is most often called angiology, and in the United States the term vascular medicine is more prevalent.
The field of vascular medicine (angiology) is the field that deals with preventing, diagnosing and treating vascular and arterial diseases related to blood vessels.
Cardiology
Cardiology is a branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the heart as well as parts of the circulatory system.
The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology .
Doctors who specialize in this field of medicine are called cardiologists, a specialty of internal medicine.
Intensive Care Medicine
Critical care or critical care medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and management of life-threatening conditions that may require sophisticated organ support and invasive control.
Endocrinology
Endocrinology is a Branch of biology And medicine that deals with the endocrine system, its diseases and its specific secretions, known as hormones.
It also deals with the integration of developmental events, proliferation, growth and differentiation, and the psychological or behavioral activities of metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sleep, digestion, respiration, excretion, mood, stress, lactation , Movement, reproduction, and sensory perception caused by hormones.
Gastroenterology
Gastroenterology is known as the subdiscipline focused on the processes carried out by the digestive system and those disorders produced within it.
Diseases that disturb the gastrointestinal space, which include limbs from the oral cavity to the rectum, throughout the length of the alimentary tube, are the focus of this branch.
Practitioners in this area are called gastroenterologists.
Geriatrics
Geriatrics or geriatric medicine is a specialty that focuses on the care of the health of the elderly.
Its objective is to promote health through the prevention and treatment of diseases and disabilities in the elderly.
There is no specific time for a person to submit to a geriatric doctor. On the contrary, this provision is stipulated by assessing the shortcomings of an older individual and the possibility of an expert.
It is important to note the difference between geriatrics, the care of elderly people, and gerontology, which is responsible for studying the aging process itself.
Hematology
Hematology is the branch of medicine that deals with the study of the cause, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases related to blood.
It is responsible for treating diseases that affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, hemoglobin, blood proteins, bone marrow, platelets, blood vessels, spleen and clotting mechanism.
Such diseases may include hemophilia, blood clots, other bleeding disorders, and blood cancers such as leukemia, myeloma, and lymphoma.
Hepatology
Hepatology is the branch of medicine that incorporates the study of the liver, gallbladder, biliary tree and pancreas, as well as the management of its disorders.
Although traditionally considered a sub-specialty of gastroenterology, rapid expansion has in some countries led physicians to specialize only in this area, and are called hepatologists.
Infectious medicine
Infectious medicine is a medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis, control and treatment of infections.
The practice of an infectious disease (ID) specialist can largely be in the management of nosocomial infections (acquired in the hospital) or outpatients.
Nephrology
Nephrology is a branch of medicine and pediatrics that deals with the kidneys: study of normal renal function and kidney problems, preservation of renal health, and treatment of kidney problems, from diet and medication to therapy Of renal replacement (dialysis and renal transplantation).
We also study the systemic conditions that affect the kidneys (such as diabetes and autoimmune diseases) and the systemic problems that occur as a result of kidney problems such as renal osteodystrophy and hypertension.
Neurology
Neurology is a branch of medicine that is responsible for studying the disturbances of the nervous system.
Neurology encompasses the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of the categories of affections and diseases that affect the nervous system, both central (CNS) and peripheral, together with its diversifications: the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system.
Neurological practice relies heavily on the field of neuroscience, which is the scientific study of the nervous system.
Oncology
Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
A medical professional practicing oncology is an oncologist. The 3 components that have improved this branch over the years are: prevention, early diagnosis and treatment.
Pediatrics
Pediatrics is the branch of medicine that involves the care of infants, children and adolescents.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that people be under pediatric care until the age of 21. A doctor who specializes in this area is known as a pediatrician.
Pulmonology
Pulmonology is a medical specialty that deals with diseases that affect the respiratory tract. Therefore, it is synonymous with pneumology, respirology and respiratory medicine.
Pulmonology is known as chest medicine and respiratory medicine in some countries and is considered a branch of internal medicine that is also related to intensive care medicine.
Rheumatology
Rheumatology is a branch of medicine dedicated to the diagnosis and therapy of rheumatic diseases.
Doctors who specialize in rheumatology are called rheumatologists. Rheumatologists are mainly concerned with clinical problems related to joints, soft tissue, autoimmune diseases, vasculitis and hereditary connective tissue disorders.
Many of these diseases are now known as disorders of the immune system. Rheumatology is increasingly close to the study of immunology.
One of the major changes in modern rheumatology is the development of new drugs called biological, or disease modifying agents, that can control serious diseases more effectively.
Sports Medicine
Sports medicine, also known as sports medicine and exercise medicine (SEM), is a branch of medicine that deals with physical fitness and treatment and prevention of sports-related injuries .
Although most sports teams have employed team doctors for many years, it is only since the late 20th century that sports medicine has emerged as a distinct field of health care.
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