The Primary, secondary and tertiary activities Are economic activities that generate income and are carried out by human beings.
Primary activities are those that depend on the environment, as well as those that refer to the use of the resources of the planet Earth, such as water, vegetation, building materials, minerals and earth.
For this reason, it includes hunting and harvesting; Pastoral activities, fisheries, agriculture, mining, afforestation and extraction. People working in this sector are often called red collar workers, thanks to the nature of their work.
For their part, Secondary activities Are those that add value to natural resources by transforming raw materials into valuable products.
For this reason, they refer to the process of manufacturing, processing, and Industries Of infrastructure construction. Usually the workers in this branch are called blue-collar workers.
The Tertiary activities Are those that have to do with production and exchange. Production involves the"provision"of services that are"consumed.
This exchange involves trade, transportation, and communication facilities that are often used to overcome distance. Workers in the tertiary sector are called white-collar workers.
The sectors of the economy: primary, secondary and tertiary
Primary activities
The primary activities are those belonging to the sector of the economy that makes direct use of the natural resources .
This includes agriculture, forestry, mining and fishing. Generally, the primary sector is the most important in developing countries and less in the more developed nations.
In developing countries it is usually quite a large sector. For example, in Africa livestock farming is much more important than in Japan. In the nineteenth century, the entire economy of Wales depended on mining, proving that the economy can survive on a single sector.
Technological advances in developed countries have allowed the primary sector to require less human strength. For this reason, the percentage of workers in this sector is usually lower.
In the European Union, agricultural subsidies provide a kind of buffer to withstand the changing levels of inflation and the prices of the farmer product.
Mountain engineering
This is the science and ability to create, manage, use, conserve and repair the forests and their associated resources. In this way, goals and needs can be met for the benefit of the environment and humans. It is practiced in the plantations. This science has elements that belong to the biological Sciences , Physical, social And policies.
At present, this area is concerned with the conservation of wood, wood fuel, forest habitat, management of water qualities, Protection of the environment , Management of Biodiversity And erosion control, among others.
Mining
It is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth; The extractions can occur in reefs, reefs and other deposits.
From these extraction sites metals, precious stones, chalk, rocks, clay and gravel can be extracted, for example. In a broader definition, mining includes the extraction of non-renewable resources such as oil, natural gas and water.
Fishing
This activity involves catching fish, naturally in their wild or natural habitat. The most commonly used fishing techniques include net fishing, spear fishing or hand picking, among others.
Fishing may include aquatic animals, not just fish. It may also include mollusks, crustaceans or cephalopods.
There are an estimated 38 million fishermen worldwide. This industry provides direct and indirect employment to some 500 million people in developing countries.
Secondary Activities
The secondary sector includes industries that produce some usable product or sectors involved in construction.
Generally, this sector takes the product of the primary sector to manufacture products and that are usable for other businesses, for export or for sale.
As many of these industries produce a lot of waste material can cause pollution or environmental problems.
Additionally, they need large amounts of energy so that machines and factories can do their job. This sector is divided into light industry and heavy industry .
Light industry
This industry usually uses less capital than heavy industry and is more consumer oriented. Most of its products end up in the hands of the direct users and not of intermediaries as it happens in the heavy industry.
Light industry requires a small amount of raw materials, area and power. The value of the products is low and they are easy to transport.
An economic definition could be"a manufacturing activity that uses moderate quantities of partially processed materials to produce objects of relatively high value per unit weight"
It also has less environmental impact; Among the most common activities include the manufacture of beverages, food, personal and home products, cosmetics, clothing, and electronics.
Heavy industry
This industry involves one or more characteristics as large and heavy products; Large equipment or complex processes. That is why it involves more capital industry than light industry and depends more on investment and work.
Transportation, construction and its manufacturing businesses are the bulk of this industry. Some examples include processing Petroleum , The construction of ships and the manufacture of machinery. They need a lot of capital and equipment; Are also criticized for their high impact on the environment.
Sectors of the secondary activities industry
- The food industry
- The plastic.
- The leather and textile industry.
- Home appliances.
- Gardening and entertainment.
- Beauty and personal care.
- Cleaning and storage.
Tertiary activities
This sector consists of the service sector. This includes activities where people offer their knowledge and time to improve productivity, performance, potential and sustainability.
The basic characteristic of this sector is the production of services instead of products. Services include care, advice, access, experiences and discussions.
Services may also involve the transport, distribution and sale of goods from the producer to the consumer, as in commercialization. It also includes the provision of services, such as entertainment or pest control, for example.
These goods can be transformed into the process of providing the service, as in the restaurant industry.
However, the focus is on people interacting with other people and on customer service rather than on the transformation of physical goods.
Professional services
They are occupations of the tertiary sector that require special training in the arts or sciences. Some professional services require professional licenses, such as architects, auditors, engineers, lawyers and doctors.
Other professional services involve providing specialized business support, such as assisting a company in IT services or tax consulting.
In this category enter:
- Administrators.
- Dentists.
- Pharmacists.
- Nurses.
- Surgeons.
Telecommunications
Telecommunication is the transmission of signals, signs, messages, words, images, sounds or intelligence of any nature through radio, cables or any other electromagnetic system. Radio, television and the internet are part of the telecommunications industry.
Franchises
It is the practice of the right to use a business model and a brand for a certain period of time. For the franchise owner, it is an alternative to building commercial chains to distribute goods. Many countries have laws that regulate franchising.
Public health
It refers to the science of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, public and private bodies, communities and individuals.
Quaternary and chemical activities
Although the primary classification is primary, secondary and tertiary, the highest services that are below tertiary activities are classified in Quaternary activities And Chinese. These activities are not dependent on resources or the environment, but are activities of the economy.
Quaternary activities are highly specialized tertiary activities, often in the"knowledge sector". Tax advisors, software developers, and statisticians fall into this category.
Likewise, staff working in offices, schools, universities, hospitals, theaters and management firms as well.
The activities referred to in the services are those that create and interpret new ideas to evolve the technology. They are the so-called gold-collar workers; Members of government, scientists, legal and financial consultants, etc.
References
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- Sectors of the Economy (2017). Recovered from thought.co.
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- Secondary sector of the economy. Retrieved from wikipedia.org.
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- Heavy and Light Industry in Economic Development. The American Economic Review. (1976) Retrieved from Wikipedia.org.
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- What is public health? Retrieved from cdcfoundation.org.
- Definition of telecommunication. (2013) Retrieved from yahoo.com.
- Professional services. Retrieved from theroginal.com.
- What are professional services? Retrieved from pwc.co.uk.
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