The Types of cysts Can be classified into ganglionars, ovaries, testicular, vaginal, mammary, epidermoid, tricholic, renal and Baker.
The word cyst has a Greek origin and its meaning is bladder. According to the dictionary of the Spanish Royal Academy, a cyst is defined as a membranous bladder or a tissue bag that develops abnormally anywhere in the body, both outside and inside.
Cysts may contain liquid substances or altered substances, but they may also contain air. The causes of cysts can be very varied. They can be caused by infections, by parasites or even by anomalies in the embryonic development in the case of gestation. However, they may also appear spontaneously.
Cysts can appear on virtually any part of the body. However, there are more common places than others. Depending on their location they are classified in different ways.
Classification of types of cysts
Ganglionares
This is a type of skin cyst. These are non-cancerous masses that can appear suddenly and grow rapidly. They usually appear in the tendons, in the joints of the wrists and the hands, in the ankles and even in the feet. Regarding the liquid they contain, this is usually of the gelatinous type.
The ganglion cysts have a round or oval shape. Size may vary. Some may be as small as a pea, but others may be about 2.5 cm in diameter. Depending on their location, they may affect joint movement and may be tender to the touch, although usually they are painless.
The reasons for this type of cystic tumor are not exactly known. But they usually appear more regularly in people between the ages of 15 and 40. In addition, women are more likely to develop them than men.
Ovaries
This is one of the most common types of cysts, especially in women of reproductive age. These are sacs filled with fluid that are located on or above the ovary. This type of cyst usually forms during ovulation, specifically at the time the ovary releases an egg. Most women tend to develop them at some point in their lives.
This type of cyst is usually benign and disappear on its own. Most of them are small and have no symptoms. However, if present, the most common are pressure, abdominal swelling, inflammation, delay of the period and pain in the lower abdomen.
Within this type of cyst we can find other varieties: functional ones, which are subdivided into follicular and corpus luteum; The dermoids; Cystadenomas; And endometrioma type.
Testicular
It is an anomaly that is usually benign. These cysts usually appear from embryologic age and birth. At first they are so small that they are imperceptible, but as the child grows, these too. Inside have spermatic fluid.
There are two types of testicular cysts. The most common are the cysts of the epididymis, which are located in the upper and posterior part of the testicle. These benign tumors are of unknown origin, painless and have the form of regular swellings. Dermoid cysts of the testis are the second type of testicular cyst. They are infrequent, have a round shape and can be of different sizes.
Vaginal
The vagina is another part of the body that is susceptible to the appearance of cysts. It is a cavity or closed tissue bag that appears on or under the lining of the vagina. This abnormal bump may contain pus, liquid, air or other substance. These cysts are formed by the obstruction of a duct, which prevents the normal fluidity of the liquid passing through it.
As for its size, this can vary. It can become so small that it is barely perceived or can be as large as a tennis ball. They are usually benign and without symptoms.
There are several types of vaginal cysts. One of them is the Gartner cysts, known as they are formed in the duct of the same name. They activate during pregnancy, but usually disappear once they give birth.
Muller's cysts are another type of anomalies that usually appear in women who are close to menopause. And there are also the cysts of Bartolino, so named because they form in the glands of Bartolino, which are glands located on the sides of the vagina.
Mammary
This is perhaps the most frequent type of cyst among women between the ages of 40 and 60. These are sacs filled with fluid that grow inside the breasts.
Regarding its size, this can vary so much that it can become smaller than a pea or as large as a ping pong ball. On the other hand, they can develop singly or together, which means that a woman can have one or many of these cysts at the same time.
This type of cyst is part of the mammary constitution of some women, so there is no way to prevent its appearance. These lumps may be asymptomatic, but may also produce breast pain. This happens because the cyst reaches a distended size of the capsule. It is worth noting that the lump can change in size as a result of the menstrual cycle.
Breast cysts can be cystic or benign solid tumors. In the latter case, they differ in function of the element that proliferates. Therefore, they can be classified as fibroadenomas, Phyllodes tumor, hamartoma, adenoma, lipoma, hemangioma, leiomyoma, neurofibroma.
Epidermoides
This cyst, also known as epidermal cyst, keratinous, epidermal or sebaceous inclusion cyst, is an intradermal or subcutaneous tumor with benign characteristics. Despite the names given to it, this type of cyst does not contain fat inside but keratin.
They are firm, raised and rounded. They grow slowly and can reach between 1 and 5cm in diameter. It usually appears spontaneously on the face, neck, scalp, trunk, and genitalia of women. These cysts consist of a thin layer of squamous epithelium and usually appear under the skin. They are usually asymptomatic.
Trichloroic
It is the most frequent type of cutaneous cyst after epidermal. In this case smooth nodules are formed, which are firm and have a rounded shape. Its size can vary between 0.5 and 5 cm. This bundle contains a substance that in this case is very dense and yellowish keratin. Its texture is usually more solid than epidermoid cysts.
The origin of this type of cyst is unknown and appears in middle-aged people. They are more common in women than in men. And they are usually located on the scalp. These lesions are usually asymptomatic and do not require treatment. In case of symptoms and if the patient wishes, the solution is surgical excision.
Renal
These are bags of fluids that develop in the kidneys. Most of these cysts are of the simple type, which have a thin wall and contain an aqueous liquid that is not usually pus or blood but water. As for size, they are usually small, although there are cases in which these become quite large.
Renal cysts are common in the elderly. Therefore, it is normal for them to appear after 50 years, although they may also appear before but the odds are lower. They grow little by little, and usually do not show symptoms or damage. However, if they need to be treated, fever, pain or discomfort may occur between the ribs and pelvis, pain in the upper abdomen, and blood in the urine.
De Baker
This type of cyst, also known as popliteal cyst or synovial, is a soft lump that usually appears on the back of the knee. It has a soft appearance and can sometimes be mistaken for a blood clot.
This anomaly occurs as a consequence of a swelling in the knee that can be caused by a direct damage in this part of the body, by arthritis, osteoarthritis or rheumatoid, as well as by inflammation.
This cyst develops in these cases because having a damage to the knee, it produces more fluid. There may be some pain, but usually the discomfort comes from the main damage.
That is, because of the damage caused by the cyst. Beyond surgical treatment, there are some other treatments to treat this injury such as rest and leg elevation, ice and anti-inflammatory medications, physiotherapy, draining the cyst with a needle and injection of steroids.
References
- Real Academia Española Online Posted on January 11, 2017.
- Ganglion cysts / Ganglios.org Accessed January 11, 2017.
- Ovarian cysts / Medical Encyclopedia / MedlinePlus Accessed January 11, 2017.
- Types of cysts malignant or benign? / Natale, Latin American Center of Fertility Consulted January 11, 2017.
- Testicular cysts - Causes, diagnosis and treatment / CMM Accessed January 11, 2017.
- Vaginal cysts / Medical Encyclopedia / MedlinePlus Accessed January 11, 2017.
- Mammary Cysts / Sutter Health CPMC Accessed January 11, 2017.
- How are benign breast cysts? / Infosalus Accessed January 11, 2017.
- Epidermoid cyst / Daily dermatology blog Accessed January 11, 2017.
- Infundibular Cyst, Tricholemic Cyst, Lipoma / Foundation of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Accessed January 11, 2017.
- Renal cysts / Medical Encyclopedia / MedlinePlus Accessed January 11, 2017.
- Renal cysts / RadiologyInfo for patients Accessed January 11, 2017.
- Baker's Cyst or Popliteal Cyst / Cleveland Clinic Accessed January 11, 2017.