The Characters of the Mexican Revolution Major and most important in the independence of the Central American country were Emilio Zapata, Pancho Villa or Porfirio Díaz, but without the intervention of others, the conflict would not have been what it was. In this article we will find out who participated and explain what their role was.
Mexico was the first country in the world to have a revolution in the 20th century. Porfirio Díaz had been in government for several decades and his opponents were eager to generate a political transition.
They are diverse Causes that advanced independence And we could begin when Francisco I. Madero, a politician opposed to the government, announced his famous phrase"Suffragio Efectivo. No Re-election"and create the San Luis Plan. In addition to him, the following revolutionaries were part of this warlike episode in Mexico.
Who participated in the Mexican revolution?
1- Emiliano Zapata
Perhaps one of the most famous revolutionaries in Mexico. His image is identifiable by most Mexicans today as their struggle was one of the most admired by the peasant people in the country.
He was born in Anenecuilco, Morelos, in 1879 and his popularity spread when a revolt began in his state and south of Mexico City.
Zapata advocated a fair distribution of land that during the Porfirio Díaz administration was expropriated from its former owners (mostly indigenous) who owned it communally.
2- Pancho Villa
Another of the caudillos that are remembered much in the country, famous for its actions in the north of Mexico against the government of Porfirio Diaz. This leader of the revolution was a headache for both his opponents and the United States.
He was one of the few soldiers that successfully invaded the town of Columbus and managed to escape of the American Navy without receiving punishment some. Pancho Villa, along with Zapata, triumphed at some point in the revolt and was one of the caudillos who managed to sit in the presidential chair.
3- Porfirio Díaz
The villain of the story according to the official books. Porfirio's government was one of the longest in the country's history by remaining 35 years in power.
During his period of government there was a great economic advance in Mexico, nevertheless, also was a dictator with hard hand that reprimanded many opponents of his government.
Porfirio had a long military career and managed to consolidate stability and order in the country for many years. At the beginning of the twentieth century, his government began to be strongly questioned by all, but because reelection was allowed at that time, the rulers could remain indefinitely in power.
It was thanks to this harassment of Diaz that the Mexican Revolution began. Various strikes and rebellions ended with his government in 1910.
Other important characters
The Mexican Revolution also had other important characters that are of obligatory mention:
4- Victoriano Huerta
Nicknamed"El Chacal"because he usurped the presidency of the Republic after the murder of Francisco I. Madero. Although he was only in the presidency for a year, Victoriano Huerta formed a bad image of traitor that still remains in the mind of the Mexicans. Once he assumed the presidency he assassinated 35 political rivals in just 17 months.
5 - Antonio Caso
He was also one of the figures that participated in the critical movements of the time. Although it was not political, but rather academic, this Mexican intellectual shook the bases of the Porfirian government: positivism.
Caso was a fundamental critic of positivist theory and although he never spoke out against the Diaz government, he was an essential critic of his ideology.
The Mexican philosopher was founder of the Ateneo de la Juventud and one of the most important intellectuals of the time. Case and others were pioneers in the consolidation of the country's most important university.
6- John Kenneth Turner
The Americans were also involved in the Mexican Revolution. Turner was one of the most famous chroniclers of the contest. His book Mexico Barbarian Documented the worst of the government of Porfirio Diaz and predicted the armed uprising in the population.
Kenneth also witnessed several important events in the country and was against foreign intervention in the country, especially the United States, which took the port of Veracruz for a time.
He also witnessed the persecution that his country made to Pancho Villa to punish him for having invaded his territory.
7- Venustiano Carranza
He was one of the politicians that disputed the power during the second stage of the Revolution and ended up being part of the personages who institled the Constitution of 1917 that today prevails in the country.
Although the official history maintains it like one of the good personages of the time, it is certain that during its revolutionary period it used to loot the houses of the towns in which it arrived, reason by which the term"carrancear"in the popular language .
8 - Álvaro Obregón
Obregon is known to be one of the first post-revolutionary presidents. After the proclamation of the Constitution of 1917, the presidents-elect sought the pacification of the country at any cost.
Obregón governed the country from 1920 to 1924, during which period the creation of the Secretary of Public Education and the distribution of lands of diverse Ejidatarios Which had been stripped in the days of Diaz.
Like other politicians of the time, Obregon was assassinated in Guanajuato while he was portrayed in a restaurant.
9- Pascual Orozco
Pascual Orozco was one of the revolutionaries who remained alive at the beginning and end of the fair. He participated alongside Madero in power disputes. I create a faction of sympathizers called"orozquistas"and on several occasions fought against its opponents the constitutionalists and other groups that disputed the power.
Pascual Orozco had to flee the country when the conditions of the revolution did not allow him to continue in the struggle.
He died at the hands of an American army when he invaded a Texas ranch. This caudillo remained present from 1910 to 1923 when he was assassinated.
References
- Cockcroft, J.D. (1976). Intellectual precursors of the Mexican Revolution 1900-1913. Austin; London:: University of Texas.
- Garfias, L. M. (1979). The Mexican Revolution: a historic politico-military compendium. Mexico: Lara.
- Gonzales, M.J. (2002). The Mexican Revolution,. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
- Knight, A. (1986). The Mexican Revolution: Volume 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Markiewicz, D. (1993). The Mexican revolution and the limits of agrarian reform. Boulder, Colorado: L. Rienner.