There are active volcanos Around the world that have caused that the inhabitants near have had to move by the perils of lava, eruptions and gases.
A volcano is a geological structure from which erupts magma or lava, volcanic ash and gases from the interior of the Earth. It is called eruption at the rise of magma in a violent manner.
Rashes vary in frequency, intensity and duration. During these can flow gentle lava flows but also the explosions can be very destructive.
Volcanoes acquire a conical shape due to the accumulation of material from previous eruptions. At the summit of the volcanoes is its crater or caldera.
Such structures exist on other planets and satellites and may be above or below the sea. They may also consist of cold materials and, in that case, are called cryovolcanoes.
Volcanoes have different forms and form as many in the limits of tectonic plates as in hot spots. An example of hot spot training are the volcanoes on the island of Hawaii. Currently the highest volcano in the world is Nevado Ojos del Salado.
On our planet there are many volcanoes, but not all are active allowing the development of life around them. Here is a list of the main ones:
1- Agrigán
It is found in the Northern Mariana Islands of the Pacific Ocean. It is a stratovolcano or a conical volcano with great height. This great volcano has a height of about 4,000 meters above sea level (msnm) and is the second largest of the Marianas, its summit being the highest point of the place.
The volcano has a large caldera with a diameter of two kilometers and 500 meters deep. In 1990 the island was evacuated by threat of volcanic activity, although in the end there was no eruption.
At present one of the four settlements of the island has been restored and in 2005 had nine inhabitants, having the territory an area of 7.31 km ².
2 - Mount Curry
Located on Zavodovski Island in the South Sandwich Islands, it is a basaltic stratovolcano with 551 meters above sea level. Its eruption in 2012 was detected by NASA satellites. It was previously believed that it was not active and was known to have erupted in the years 819, 1823, 1830 and others.
3. Mount Kanaga
On Kanaga Island in Alaska, it is a stratum volcano located inside a caldera, which is also occupied by a long crater. The summit of the volcano has a crater and fumaroles.
At present its most active year was 1994, when it erupted intermittently throughout the year. Its dust affected the surrounding communities.
4- The volcanic arch of the Lesser Antilles or Caribbean Arc of Fire
It is a set of active volcanoes and volcanic islands that extend from north to south from Puerto Rico to the coast of Venezuela. Together with the Central American Volcanic Arc, it is one of the two largest arches of fire in Central America. It has about 70 active and underwater volcanoes.
This geological system marks the boundary between the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, since it is located in the contact zone of the tectonic plates of the Caribbean and the Atlantic. The plate of the Cocos, responsible for the Central American continental volcanoes, pushes the volcanic arc towards the Atlantic.
5- Mount Banahaw
It is an active fire structure in the Philippines, located on the border between Quezon and La Laguna provinces. Its altitude is 2,158 meters. The Filipinos consider the volcano and its environment as a sacred place because of its waters, which are supposed to be beneficial to health.
The volcano erupted for the last time in 1909. The Filipinos have built posts, which are places where sacred statues are erected. There are many of these figures in the area of the volcano and most date back to the Spanish colonial period.
6- Mount Bezymianny
Located in Kamchatka, Russia, is an active stratovolcano that was considered extinct. But in 1955 it suffered a devastating eruption of the pelican type.
This crater is located in the skirt of another volcano, the Kamen, that if it is inactive. Bezymianny, which means"unnamed"in the Russian language. It has erupted in recent years, with the 2011 eruption being the most destructive.
Its most devastating eruption was that of 1955, when a part of the same volcano disintegrated and the surroundings were annihilated. The 1956 eruption, similar to the eruptions of the Pelée and Saint Helena Mountains, produced an avalanche of debris and a large explosion of magma in the open air.
7- The Yellowstone Cauldron or the Yellowstone Supervolcano
It is located in the Yellowstone National Park in the United States. This volcano measures about 55 by 72 m² and is located in the northwest corner of Wyoming.
Thanks to geological studies it has been determined that this great structure was formed during one of the three volcanic super-eruptions that occurred in the last 2.1 million years on earth.
The three explosions of great magnitude were: the eruption of Huckleberry Ridge, that of Mesa Falls and the eruption of Lava Creek, which changed significantly the relief of the earth, being the last one of Lava Creek, that formed to Yellowstone.
8- The Canlaón
It is another active volcano of the Philippines and is a great composition located in the provinces of Negros Occidental and Oriental. This volcano is the highest peak of the island bisaya with an altitude of 2,435 meters and diameter of 30 km from the base.
This volcano has two craters, plus three hot springs in its skirts. The city of Canlaón is located next to the volcano.
9- The hill Lucifer
Placed in the Candelaria Archipelago of the Sandwich Islands of the South, it is an active stratovolcano that has 235 msnm. The geological structure forms the northern part of the island Candelaria and its color is red with ashes and elevations, made of sulfur.
In the mid-twentieth century was one of the most active volcanoes in the region, according to documents of the British ship HMS who visited the archipelago in 1964.
The British baptized the place as Lucifer in reference to Lucifer's mythical infernal figure. In the history have remained records of its activity in the years 1200 a. C., 1823, 1953 and other years.
It possesses geysers and lagoons of hot water and is conformed by andesite and dacita. Unlike the other volcanoes on the island that are made up of basalt, this island has never been inhabited.
10- The Black Mountain
Located in Leon, Nicaragua, is a volcano with 726 meters above sea level. It owes its name to its color; And emerged a century and a half ago near the plain. The Cerro Negro has erupted 23 times in total, with the last eruptions being very violent: in 1867, 1914, 1923, 1995, 1999 and other years.
For example, in 1947 the eruption lasted for two weeks and the ash rain that fell on Leon accumulated in the streets, roofs of houses and roof of the Cathedral.
This situation caused complications in the health of the population and according to a popular legend, it is said that the bishop of the city Isidro Augusto Oviedo and Reyes promised the Virgin Mary to celebrate in his honor a day of penance if he calmed the volcano.
11- The volcano Concepción
Located in Ometepe, on Lake Cocibolca, it has 1610 meters of altitude above sea level. Its base is used by the locals to cultivate in part and in part is a leafy wooded area.
Also its base is full of summits formed by the materials that the volcano has thrown when it erupts. Formerly it was called Omeyatecigua, but during the colonial period, the Franciscan friars changed the name to Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary.
His last eruptions have been very violent. For example, in 1957 the eruption wreaked havoc and looked like pyrotechnic fires. In 2006 and 2007 the ash from the eruptions affected nearby villages.
12- La Caldera de La Garita
Located in the mountains of San Juan, near Creede in the United States, is a volcanic caldera that owes its name to the municipality where it is located. The eruption that created this boiler is considered the largest explosive eruption in Earth's geological history.
According to the United States Geological Survey, La Garita erupted in the Ordovician period, 488-443 million years ago and its magnitude reveals that it may be necessary to add an additional step (ninth) on the IEV scale, which might qualify this type of Eruptions.
13- In the Guadalupe National Park
It is an overseas department of France and is located the Soufrière. Although there are many volcanoes on the island, the Soufrière is the only asset. In 1970 the National Park was founded with an area of 17,300 has. And its main attraction is the volcanic complex La Soufrière.
In order to enter the Park you will need adequate footwear and rain gear since the Park has geysers and hot water ponds that could be dangerous if you step on them or fall on them.
The volcano is the highest point of all the Lesser Antilles with 1,476 ms of height. This park has developed trekking and has several marked paths that lead to the top of the volcano.
14- Soufriere Hills
Located on the island of Montserrat, it has a height of 915 m. It is a stratovolcano with several craters and during the twentieth century the first recorded activity was in 1995.
Since then it has often been ash and ash. The villagers have been advised to evacuate the territory but they refuse and, as a consequence, in 1997 there was an eruption that killed 19 people. Today, there is an observatory that studies the volcanic activity of Soufriere.
15- The volcano Shiveluch
It is one of the most active volcanoes of Kamchatka in Russia. Shiveluch is part of the craters of the Kliuchevskaya volcanic system and belongs to the mountainous system of the ancient Shiveluch, an old caldera and the young Shiveluch.
Its height is 2800 meters. Shiveluch is composed of layers of solidified ash, hard lava and volcanic rock.
The city closest to the volcano is called Klyuchi. It is small and can be evacuated quickly. This volcano erupted recently in 1999, 2011 and in 2015, when the ash thrown came to the American continent.
16- The volcano Santa Maria
Located near the city of Quetzaltenango in Guatemala, it is one of the most dangerous volcanoes in recent history. Its eruption in 1902 was one of the most devastating of the 20th century and one of the 5 largest in the last 200 years.
During that eruption the volcano expelled material 19 consecutive days which formed a column of ashes of 28 km of height. Its eruption was so strong that it severely damaged the fauna and flora of the surroundings.
In 1922 the eruption of the volcano Santa Maria created a new volcano, that is called Santiaguito. This small crater has been in a state of constant eruption ever since. Today adventurers ascend the Santa Maria to watch the active eruptions in it.
17- The volcano Rincón de la Vieja
Located in Costa Rica, it is a stratovolcano with a height of 1,895 meters and a volume between 100 and 130 km². It is one of the 5 active volcanoes of Costa Rica and at its peak has nine eruptive openings.
It also has a large number of solfataras, fumaroles, mud volcanoes and others. The government uses these resources for the production of geothermal energy. And in May 2016 it erupted for the last time.
This volcano belongs to the Guanacaste Conservation Area (ACG) and was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The national park where it is located is one of the most visited of Costa Rica for its beauty and the biodiversity of species that inhabit it.
18- Mount Rainier
It is located in Pierce County near the city of Seattle and is a stratovolcano with 4392 meters above sea level. It is one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the United States and is considered one of its most prominent mountains.
The mountain is covered by glacial ice and in case of its eruption could endanger all the residents of the Puyallup River valley that is in its environs.
20- The Gunungapi Wetar
Located north of Wetar in the Banda Sea, Indonesia, it is an isolated volcanic island structure or stratovolcano with a height of 282 m above sea level.
If you count the height from the summit to the skirt on the ocean floor, your altitude would be over 5000 m. There have been two eruptions of this volcano in 1512 and 1699.
21- The Arenal Volcano of Costa Rica
Located in the canton of San Carlos, it has a height of 1,670 masl. For its protection, the Arenal Volcano National Park was founded around it.
The geological structure was inactive for a while and was activated in 1968. It has been constantly emitting gases and water vapors, exploiting and emitting pyroclastic materials and strong rumbles.
It is the most active volcano in Costa Rica. Different villages such as Aguas Zarcas, Pocosol, La Fortuna, La Palmera and others border the volcano, which would make a strong eruption a very dangerous event for the population.
22- The Cleveland of Chuginadak Island
It stands out as the volcanic arch of the Aleutian. This stratovolcano of the islands of the Four Volcanoes in the Aleutian Islands in Alaska has a height of 1730 msnm
The natives named the island in honor of the fire goddess"Chuginadak." According to oral traditions the locals believed that the goddess inhabited the volcano. The National Geodetic Service and the US Coast changed the name to"Cleveland"in 1894.
23- The volcano of Fire
Located in south-central Guatemala, it is one of the most impressive stratovolcanoes in Central America. The natives called it"Chi'gag"in the Cakchiquel language.
In Spanish it translates as"where is the fire". According to colonial chroniclers this volcano has erupted more than once, reason why it is considered one of the most active since the time of the conquest.
This area is considered as optimal for agriculture since the land is fertile and its vegetation is abundant. Several hydric waters are born from the top. It is considered that this volcano shares its volcanic block with the volcano Acatenango. Also near these two is the water volcano.
24- The Izalco Volcano
It is one of the youngest in Latin America and the youngest in El Salvador. The Salvadoran people consider that it appeared in 1770 from an orifice of the Volcano of Santa Ana that expelled smoke and ashes.
Historians consider that in 1772 a"new crater"was formed in the Santa Ana Volcano, which then erupted in 1745. It once erupted constantly and its flames were seen in the distance from the sea. Thanks to this they call it the Lighthouse of the Pacific.
Its last great explosion occurred in 1958. After this, its activity has gradually decreased and the temperature of its fumaroles.
25- The Volcano of San Miguel or Volcano Chaparrastique
Placed in El Salvador, it is a volcanic arc near the Chinameca mountain range with 2129 msnm of height. It is the third highest volcano in El Salvador. Its central crater is 800 meters in diameter and several small craters that expel the burned lava.
In addition, its cone is considered as the best formed in the country. Near the volcano there are different villages, such as Quelepa, Moncagua and Chinameca, besides which is near the Latin American road.
The volcano of Pacayal, now inactive, meets with San Miguel on its northern slope.
26- Momotombo
Located in Nicaragua near Lake Xolotlán, it is 1,297 meters high and is a young volcano of 4,500 years old.
According to historical sources in 1610 it destroyed a Spanish town founded by Francisco Hernández de Córdoba. Its ruins are called Old Lion. Its inhabitants moved and founded the new Lion.
It also erupted in 1905, after a relative calm, and made havoc that are still visible. This volcano erupted in 2015 and has since expelled material from its guts.
27- Mount Ngauruhoe
Recognized on the North Island of New Zealand, it is an active stratovolcano made of pyroclastic and lava layers. It is the most recent geological structure of the Tongariro volcanic complex and erupted for the first time about 2,500 years ago.
The fumaroles inside your inner crater are also active. Tourists and locals who practice hiking can suffer from asthma when they are affected by the sulphurous gases in the crater. Between 2006 and 2008 GeoNET recorded an average of 30 earthquakes a day near the volcano.
28- The Mjolnir
Located to the south of Iceland, it is an underwater volcano 41 meters below the sea. It was formed by a ten-month eruption that produced an island. Within a few weeks the island was submerged due to marine erosion.
The Jólnir along with the volcanoes Surtsey, Surtla and Syrtlingur were declared Patrimony of the Humanity of the Unesco.
29- Kick-Em-Jenny
Located north of Granada and west of Ronde and Caille in the Lesser Antilles, it is an active underwater volcano that was discovered in 1939 and has since erupted several times.
It is difficult to study this volcano, and thanks to the eruption statistics it has been determined that it can erupt once every 5 years. It is predicted that this volcano will erupt in the next two years.
30- The Karymsky volcano
This last one is in Kamchatka of Russia and is one of the most active of Kamchatka. It is considered to have formed during the early Holocene within a 5 km wide boiler.
Its upper cone is at least 200 years old. It has erupted several times throughout contemporary history and was named in honor of the native peoples of the region.