The Types of chemistry Can be classified as organic, inorganic, biochemical, physicochemical, analytical chemistry, astrochemistry, electrochemistry, photochemistry, geochemistry, nanochemistry, neurochemistry, industrial chemistry, pharmaceutical chemistry, petrochemical, nuclear chemistry, environmental chemistry, quantum chemistry, theoretical chemistry, computational chemistry And magnetochemistry.
There are different types of science and one of the most important is chemistry. The origin of this word comes from a Latin variable, but its roots are really Arab. It is associated with terms like chimica, chimia, alkimya, the latter as a reference of alchemy, a set of very ancient proto-scientific practices that encompassed various types of current sciences such as astronomy, metallurgy, mysticism, philosophy, philosophy or medicine .
Chemistry, defined as a science that is responsible for studying the matter and the changes it undergoes. Specifically, he studies both the structure of matter, its composition and its properties. He also studies the energetic and internal changes undergone by matter. It has been considered as one of the basic sciences, but not for its simplicity but rather for its importance.
It is a basic discipline, because on it are supported as many as medicine, biology, pharmacology, metallurgy and even ecology. And because there are innumerable types of materials, chemistry is subdivided into several types. Which means that there is one kind of chemistry for each material studied.
Organic Chemistry
It could be said that this is the kind of chemistry that studies life itself. And that this branch is responsible for studying compounds containing carbon / hydrogen atoms, as well as their different reactions. The substances formed by organic molecules are many, ranging from medicines and vitamins to plastics, synthetic and natural fibers, carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
Basically the organic materials are those that in their chemical structure possess the element carbon. This is how we talk about all living things, and especially about hydrocarbons like oil and its derivatives.
Inorganic chemistry
Contrary to organic chemistry, the inorganic refers to those elements that have no life of their own. It is therefore responsible for studying compounds and reactions of materials that do not contain carbon / hydrogen atoms. In this case it talks about the minerals, the metals or the ceramic materials. This type of chemistry has other applications such as fiber optics, concrete or electronic chips.
Biochemistry
This is the type of chemistry that is responsible for studying the chemical basis of molecules. More specifically, the study is the chemical composition and properties of living things (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, reactions in cells and nucleic acids).
Biochemistry, is a branch that belongs to both chemistry and biology. It is divided into three areas: structural chemistry, metabolism and the chemistry of processes and substances.
Physical chemistry
In this type of chemistry is where you use the different methods that have the physics to study the structure and properties of matter. In this subdiscipline the subject is studied, based on the physical principles that govern the behavior of the atoms, the molecules and the rest of the chemical systems.
Analytic chemistry
This type of chemistry is dedicated to studying the different compounds of nature, whether in their pure state or as combined substances. Analytical chemistry is based on the identification and quantification of materials in a mixture or specific chemical compounds. This branch is divided in turn into qualitative analytical chemistry and quantitative analytical chemistry.
Astrochemistry
This branch studies the chemical composition of celestial bodies like stars, planets, comets, as well as the material of interstellar space.
Astrochemists apply radio astronomy and spectroscopy techniques to carry out different analyzes of interstellar matter, galaxies and stars.
Electrochemistry
This subdiscipline is responsible for studying the reactions that produce electrical effects in relation to chemical reactions. That is, it is the correlation between these chemical reactions and the transformations of chemical energy to electric energy and vice versa.
Photochemistry
This type of chemistry is responsible for analyzing both phenomena and the interrelationships between molecules and atoms, as well as their interrelation with light and electromagnetic radiation.
In this category there are also various applications such as the creation of substances that produce the absorption of certain electromagnetic wavelengths. In order for the photochemical phenomenon to occur, it is necessary to receive the light energy and the chemical reaction.
Geochemistry
It is a specialty of the branches of nature, which is responsible for the study of the chemical properties of the different minerals of the earth. It is based on both geology and chemistry to study the structure and assets of the chemical components that exist on earth.
Nanochemistry
In this category are all those activities related to nanoscience and nanotechnology. These areas have in common the use of the traditional tools of chemistry for the creation, development and study of objects that have nanoscopic dimensions.
This discipline is responsible for studying the unique characteristics of sets of molecules or atoms to be applied to possible fields such as medicine.
Neurochemistry
This is basically the chemistry of brain functioning. It is the branch that is based on the study of the interactions of chemical substances in the brain as the Serotonin , the Melatonin , Hormones and neurotransmitters, as well as psychotropic drugs and other substances, and their effects on the brain .
Industrial Chemistry
In this branch apply the chemical knowledge for the production of materials and chemical products with a minimum impact on the environment. In this area we study the processes used in the industrial sector for the transformation of matter.
In industrial chemistry four processes are involved: heat transfer, momentum transfer, matter transfer and chemical change.
Pharmaceutical chemistry
This type of chemistry is responsible for both research and production of drugs to combat medical-psychiatric conditions. This subcategory belongs to two categories: applied chemistry and industrial chemistry.
It basically comprises the study, analysis, search and tuning of organic and inorganic compounds, in this case to be used in the field of medicine.
Petrochemistry
This is a sub-theme of two types of chemistry: organic and industrial. It is the science that is responsible for the study and transformation of substances from hydrocarbons such as oil and natural gas, to convert them into fuels and other chemicals useful to humans such as plastic and polymers.
This type of chemistry is also dedicated to providing knowledge and mechanisms to extract chemicals from fossil fuels. On the other hand, this branch also allows the production of products such as pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers, as well as obtaining asphalt and synthetic fibers.
Nuclear chemistry
This branch of chemistry studies the modifications that occur in the nucleus of an atom, either naturally or artificially. But also, it is responsible for analyzing the chemical reactions of radioactive substances such as radon, uranium, radium and actinides.
For the application of nuclear chemistry requires the use of special equipment, such as the well-known nuclear reactors. It has been thanks to this type of chemistry that has been able to take advantage of nuclear energy in the world, despite the dangers and stigma of the various tragedies that have occurred.
Environmental Chemistry
It is a subcategory that studies the influence and effects of chemical components on the environment. This study covers both the chemical substances that are found within the nature itself and the influence of chemicals in the environment.
Quantum chemistry
In this branch is used the quantum mechanics and the theory of the fields in the chemical problems. This chemistry is of the theoretical type, and describes the behavior of matter using mathematics.
One of the applications of quantum chemistry occurs in the study of atoms and molecules, ie, their behavior, their properties, their chemical reactivity, among other things.
Theoretical chemistry
In this branch, physics is used to explain or predict the different chemical phenomena. Theoretical chemistry consists basically in the use of quantum chemistry, or rather, in the application of quantum mechanics to chemical problems.
Computational Chemistry
This branch uses existing programs and methods in the world of computing to be applied to the resolution of chemical problems. In this case, the results of theoretical chemistry are incorporated into a software to calculate the structures and properties of molecules and solid bodies.
Magnetochemistry
This type of chemistry is in charge of both the synthesis and the study of the magnetic properties of substances. Research in this field is based on the search for new materials that have important magnetic properties or that combine magnetic and electrical or magnetic and optical properties.
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