The General properties Of matter are mass, volume, weight, impenetrability or hardness, mobility, elasticity, inertia, divisibility and porosity.
The general properties of matter are those which are related to physical properties such as object size, weight, length and volume, and the chemical properties with which matter changes its composition.
Matter is everything that is tangible and measurable, with specific characteristics that are shaped from the physical point of view (form, appearance) and chemical (structure, composition).
General properties help to differentiate matter from the immaterial and define its form and composition. They are explained below:
- The dough Is a fundamental physical, scalar quantity that allows to know the amount of matter in a body. In the International System of Units (SIU) is measured in kilogram (kg).
- He volume Is a scalar-derived physical quantity that relates the space (high by length by width) of a body. In the SIU it is measured in cubic centimeter (cm 3 ).
- He weight Is a vector physical quantity, which relates the mass (kg) to the statistical value of gravity (m / s 2 ). In the SIU is measured in Newton (N).
- The Impenetrability or hardness Is the property of objects with the quality of preventing occupy the place of another object.
- The mobility Is the ability of a body to move or move.
- The elasticity Is the quality that a deforming material has.
- The inertia Is the property that allows a body to be in a state of rest or movement by the action of force.
- The porosity Is the property that depends on the degree of compaction of the material. It is measured by dividing the empty volume between the volume of the material.
- The divisibility Is the property in which matter can be divided into small particles by means of physical and mechanical procedures, without losing its fundamental characteristics.
The general properties of matter explained by examples
The following examples are shown in which the general properties are represented.
Example No. 1-Mass
It is required to palletize 2,000.00 kg of copper oxide in one (1) wooden pallet with dimensions of 1.00 m long and 1.00 m wide.
Each bag has a mass of 25.00 kg and the estimated height of the load is 1.60 m. It is required to calculate the volume of the pallet and indicate how many sacks it should have.
For the calculation of the volume can be taken the length and width of the pallet, taking into account that already has the height of the product palletizing. Proceeding to the resolution:
The volume obtained is 1.60 m 3 .
The number of sacks present in the pallet is:
Example No. 2-Volume
In one (1) 20 'container is 2.00 m wide, approximately 6.00 m long and 2.00 m high. It is necessary to know how many pallets fit in the said container, knowing that the dimensions of each pallet are 1.00 m long, 1.00 m wide and 0.80 m high.
Given the dimensions of the container 20 ', 5 rows of 2 blades can be located, the load being properly distributed for the closing of the gates. In this way the length of the length is taken advantage of.
Now, 20 pallets can be fixed provided the load is not fragile material: 5 pallets on the bottom and 5 pallets on the top. It is essential to perform maneuvers with the forklift in order to properly estimate the load and take advantage of the volume.
Example No. 3-Elasticity
It is required to perform the force measurement in which a sample of cylindrical shape is placed, to determine the stages of elongation, fissure and fracture of the sample.
The sample is placed in an effort meter, tension and deformation are calculated. At the same time elongation (stretching) of the material, called elastic stage, is observed.
Then begins the plastic stage in which a neck is generated, showing fractures and starting the break process. When the sample is broken, as a result of applied force, the plastic stage is concluded.
Example No. 4-Porosity
It is necessary to determine the degree of porosity of a natural rubber, whose total volume is 2.00 m 3 And the volume of void spaces is 0.30 m 3 .
The indicated data are taken to obtain the calculation of the degree of porosity:
The degree of porosity is 0.15 with a low porosity material.
Example No. 5-Severability
It is required to know how the property of divisibility is when crushing a cube of sugar of volume 1.00 m 3 , With a mortar and a wooden mallet.
The sugar cube is inside the mortar and it is proceeded to hit several times the object, which is divided by mechanical procedure. Of a size of 1,00 m 3 Lower volume particles are present.
Example No. 6-Weight
It is required to determine the weight of a material of a mass of 40.00 kg to perform the experiment of a physics practice. The value of the acceleration of gravity of 9.81 m / s is known 2 .
The weight of the material is calculated by multiplying the mass by the acceleration of gravity, as shown:
Example No. 7-Mass
It is required to know the mass of a block of cement and a block of brick. This requires a balance that ranges from 0.00 kg to 100.00 kg.
We proceed to order weighing items near the balance. It is placed, without specific order, either. It is the mass of the brick, obtaining 5,00 kg. The block is then removed from the brick and the cement block is placed, obtaining a weight of 20.00 kg.
The various examples shown are a detailed explanation of how to apply the general properties of matter to understand in detail the meaning of the same. From the level of Primary to University Education, experiences are carried out according to the degree of depth indicated by the study pensum.
In this way it can be concluded that the matter can be presented physically without the composition of this one varies. Through the general properties, some scalar physical quantities such as volume and mass can be added.
References
- Properties of Matter. Recovered from: educarchile.cl
- General Properties of Materials. Recovered from: materialestecnicosabasella.wikispaces.com
- Malysa, S. Ehow in Spanish: What are Porous Materials?. Recovered from: ehowinspain.com
- Experiment: Divisibility of Matter. Recovered from: cienciasnaturales.carpetapedagogica.com
- Matter and its properties. Retrieved from: canvas.utp.edu.pe
- Physical Properties of Matter. Recovered from: depa.fquim.unam.mx
- Classification of Materials. Recovered from: uwosh.edu
- Properties of Materials. Retrieved from: ielm.ust.hk.