The FRUITCULTURE Is important because it is an activity that has to do with everything related to the cultivation of fruits; More specifically to plants that produce fruits.
The sowing of fruit is one of the most important branches of horticulture. At present, this art and science has developed as a highly technical activity that seeks to optimize the large amounts of land needed to practice it. Countries that practice fruit growing have great economic advantages.
In the science of agriculture, the branch of fruit-growing refers to the planting of species of fruit-producing plants.
This branch of science also makes use of technological methods applied to obtain economic gains produced from this activity.
Fruticulture also studies the genetic improvement of fruit plants; As well as the improvement of the production techniques of the same.
In addition to harvests, this activity includes many elements, such as soil improvement, genetic improvement, creation of pest control programs, conservation of fruits, creation of fertilization programs and marketing of fruits, among others.
Importance of fruit growing for humans and civilization
1- Provides better use of resources in agriculture
Agronomic crops by nature occur in seasons, therefore farmers must have other occupations during the seasons in which their product is not cultivated.
However, the growth of fruit is perennial in nature, so it allows the farmer to remain with a work in the operations of the farm throughout the year.
All farm resources, such as machinery, land, and water, required for production throughout the year, can also be fully utilized.
2 - Produces a high productivity of the earth
Fruit cultivation has higher harvests per unit area. Fruit cultivation allows the use and production of larger crops per unit area of land than any other farmer crop.
The average crops of millet / papayas, cambures / bananas, and grapes are 10 to 15 times larger than other agronomic crops.
3- The cultivation of fruits is a vital item of food
Fruits form a substantial fraction of the human diet; Many humans and many animals have become dependent on fruits as a source of food.
Many vegetables and nuts are actually botanically fruits, such as corn , Cucumber, squash, eggplant , the vegetables , the tomatoes , And paprika.
The most common fruits that are commercially evaluated for human consumption include Apples , Kiwis, Mangoes , Pears, peaches, and Watermelons .
These fruits can be consumed fresh or can be used to make jams, jellies, or other preserves.
Fruits can also be used in manufactured foods, such as biscuits, ice creams, cakes, or yogurts; As well as in beverages, as is the case of fruit juices or alcoholic beverages such as came Or brandy. Spices as the black pepper , Paprika, and vanilla Are derived from fruits.
Fresh fruits have great nutritional value; Usually high in fiber, vitamin C, and water.
Regular consumption of fruits is commonly associated with a reduced risk of many diseases.
4- Has high net benefits
Although the initial cost of establishing a fruit crop tends to be high, it is offset by its high net gain. This is due to their high productivity or to the value act of the crop.
For example, wheat and peanut Tend to be cheaper to produce, however their production value tends to be low.
On the other hand, although grapes, Cambures / bananas , and the Oranges Are more expensive to produce, inclined to have a higher production value. Therefore they generate more profits even though the investment is more expensive.
It should also be mentioned that fruit growing is generally a one-time investment; Being perennial crops by nature, you do not have an extra expense when planting a crop.
5- Use of barren or sterile land
Although many of the fruit crops require good soil and perennial irrigation for their production, there are also many fruit crops of resistant nature such as mangos, cashews, Indian plums, Indian gooseberry, red anona, fake or The jambul, among others.
These fruits can be grown on poor, undulating or shallow lands that are considered unsuitable for agronomic or grain crops to be planted.
This creates an advantage in places where there is no land for other crops to thrive.
As a result, fruit plantations can be created to bring more income to farmers, such as cashew and mango plantations in the Kankan Hills in Guinea.
6- Fruits provide raw material for many agricultural industries
Fruticulture provides raw materials or raw materials for many agricultural industries, such as preserving fresh or canned fruits.
Canned fruit production is a large industry in many countries. This field of production offers many jobs in the industry; These workers are responsible for the preparation of the products so that they can be canned and preserved.
This industry is responsible for the entire process of fruit conservation; From the choice of them to the preparation so that they can be preserved, and ending with the sale of the final product.
7- Fruticulture contributes to the national economy
Through the export, the fruticultura can contribute of great way to the economy of a nation. Fruit plantations have a great commercial value, which is why they are of great economic importance for a country.
For example, it is estimated that the export of oranges in Pakistan reached 40 tons in 2015, causing a large amount of money to enter the country.
Many fresh fruits, processed products and species can be exported to different countries to earn a large amount of money and increase their export products, thus increasing their national economy.
References
- Importance of fruit growing. Recovered from agriinfo.in.
- What is the importance of pomology? Recovered from quora.com.
- Citrus fruits likely to raise foreign exchange. Retrieved from abbtakk.tv.
- Fruit and vegetable canning industry. Retrieved from gostudy.mobi.