The Poems of the baroque , Artistic period of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, are characterized by the eccentric style, excessive and extravagant, being also luxurious, ornamental, and adorned.
The term"baroque movement"is often used to refer to elaborate poetic styles, especially Gongorism, which derives from the work of the Spanish poet Luis de Góngora , And the Marinismo, that derives from the work of the Italian poet Giambattista Marino . It also covers metaphysical poetry in England and scholastic court poetry in Russia.
The forerunners of this style of prose wanted to surprise readers and make them admire their compositions through the use of rhetoric and double meaning, so that sometimes they were difficult to fully understand. Baroque prose is often amorphous and full of heavy and didactic erudition.
10 well-known baroque poems
1- Luis de Góngora: A rose
2- Francisco de Quevedo: Defining love
3- Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz: Stop Shadow
4 - Daniel Casper von Lohenstein: Song of Tethys
5- Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (Molière): Estancias Galantes
6- Giambattista Marino: Schidoni's hand
7- Torquato Tasso: The one I loved the most
8- Christian Hoffmann von Hofmannswaldau: Description of Perfect Beauty
9- John Milton: When I think how my light is exhausted
10- Andreas Gryphius: Tears of the Fatherland
11-Tirso de Molina: Triumph of Love
Make square, den entry,
That is triumphing love
Of a deadly battle
In which he has won.
12-Miguel de Cervantes: Amadis de Gaula to Don Quixote de la Mancha
You, who disdained the tearful life
That I had been absent and scorned about
The great bank of the Peña Pobre,
From joyful to reduced penance,
You, whom the eyes gave the drink
Of abundant liquor, though salty,
And raising the silver, of tin and copper,
The earth gave you land on food,
Live for sure that forever,
At least, in the fourth sphere,
His horses hunch the blonde Apollo,
You will have a clear reputation as a brave man;
Your homeland will be in all the first;
Your author knows the only and only world.
13-Lope de Vega: At Night
Night manufacturing of embellishments,
Crazy, imaginative, chimaera,
Which you show to whom your good conquest,
The flat mountains and the dry seas;
Enabler of hollow brains,
Mechanics, philosopher, alchemist,
Concealer vile, lynx without sight,
Fearful of your own echoes;
The shadow, the fear, the evil is attributed to you,
Solicitous, poet, sick, cold,
Hands of the brave and feet of the fugitive.
Let him watch or sleep, half life is yours;
If veil, I'll pay with the day,
And if I sleep, I do not feel what I live.
14-William Shakespeare: Charm Splatter
Charm splatter, why do you spend
In yourself your inheritance of beauty?
Nature lends and does not give,
And, generous, lends to the generous.
Then, selfishly beautiful, why do you abuse
Of what you were given to give?
Miserable, why do you use
So big sum, if you live you can not?
By trading thus only with you,
Defrauding yourself to the sweetest.
When they call you from, what balance
Can you let it be tolerable?
Your unused beauty will go to the grave;
Used, would have been your executor.
15-Pedro Calderón de la Barca: Life is a dream, Jornada III, Scene XIX
(Sigismund)
It is true, then: we repress
This fierce condition,
This fury, this ambition,
In case we ever dreamed.
And we will, as we are
In such a singular world,
That living is only dreaming;
And experience teaches me,
That the man who lives, dreams
What it is, until you wake up.
The king dreams that he is king, and he lives
With this deceit commanding,
Disposing and governing;
And this applause, which receives
Borrowed, in the wind write
And in ashes it converts
Death (bad luck!):
Some people try to reign
Seeing that he has to wake up
In the dream of death!
The rich man dreams of his wealth,
What more care he offers;
The poor man who suffers
Their misery and their poverty;
The one who begins to thrive dreams,
Dreams the one who tries and pretends,
The one who hurts and offends dreams,
And in the world, in conclusion,
Everyone dreams what they are,
Although none understands it.
I dream that I am here,
Of these prisons loaded;
And I dreamed that in another state
More flattering I saw myself.
What is life? A frenzy.
What is life? An illusion,
A shadow, a fiction,
And the greatest good is small;
That all life is dream,
And dreams, dreams are.
Baroque poetry and its characteristics
Baroque poetry is characterized by:
- The use of complex Metaphors Based on the conceptismo or principle of the ingenuity, that demands unexpected combinations of ideas, images and distant representations. The metaphor employed by the Baroque poets despises the obvious similarities.
- The interest in religious and mystical themes, trying to find a spiritual meaning to the everyday and physical world. Baroque poets of the seventeenth century saw their work as a kind of meditation, gathering thought and feeling in their verses. Some jobs were darker, seeing the world as a place of suffering and exploring spiritual torment.
- The use of satire to criticize politicians and aristocracy. Baroque prose defies conventional ideologies and leaves in evidence the changing natures of society and its values.
- The bold use of language. He does not fear linguistic experiments. Baroque poetry is known for its extravagance and dramatic intensity. It has a tendency towards darkness and fragmentation.
References
- A Poet's Glossary: Baroque and the Plain Style by Edward Hirsch. Retrieved from: blog.bestamericanpoetry.com.
- Retrieved from: encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com.
- Bloom, H. (2005). Poets and Poems. Baltimore, Chelsea House Publishers.
- Gillespie, G. (1971). German Baroque Poetry. New York, Twayne Publishers Inc.
- Hirsch, E. (2017). The Essential Poet's Glossary. New York, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
- Rivers, E. (1996). Renaissance and Baroque Poetry of Spain. Illinois, Waveland Press Inc.